Engine



Aug. 26, 1930;

- w. S'EVERIN ENGINE Filed Aug. 25, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 26, 1930. F. w. SEVERIN ENGINE Filed Aug. 23, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 AugLZG, 1930. v iwsEvERm 1,773,877

ENGINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Aug. 26, 1930 7 UNITED 1 I FRANK w. SEVERIN, or. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR To VENN-SEVERIN MACHINE 00., or CHICAGO, ILLINoIs'AoonPoRATIoN F ILLINoIs ENGII E. I

Application fileflyAugnst 23,1926. Seria1;N,o. 130 8 41.

jTh'e invention relates to engines ofpthat type in which crank-shefts ere Used."

one obj ect of thein vention ist o .proyi de' a heel-inn structure which facilitates place- 4 '5 ment and renioval of the units inwhichthe shaft rotates end which are subjected to wear r and whichjperini-tsreplacement ofsuch units without the necessity ofrenioi ingthe crojnkshaftofroin the erenk-case or separating the -10 sections of the crank-shaft, v T i I Another objectofthe invention is to pi-m ride an improvedcrank-shaftbearing which y be readily placed into positionend re-' nioved for repair or replacement, and which U is edapted for engzigement with a seal-ring I in (L crank-ease in which air is compressed for" transfer to the working-cylinder or cylinders.

1 t Other objects of the invention will appearfrom the specification.

Theinvention consists in the several novel features hereiiiaftenset"forth and more partienlzirly defined by clairnsiatthe conclusion hereof. I

* 111 the" drawings :lFigi 'lis 2i longitudinal ll seetion' of an engine "embodying theinven tiony one'oi the bearings"beingshown ele- Vhtionf Fig. l is a section 'on'1 an' enlarged er lie of one of the seal-rings end itscontigw '30 p cs bearing section; Fig.1 is a side elevatiorrof said ring. Fig.2 1s a sect on on l ne I iZ-Qhi? Fig. 1'. Fig.3 is a section through one of the crank-shaft bearings taken on line I of Fig. 1L Fig. i is a section'showing '35 two of theair inlet valves mounted inthe cranl :cese. Fig; his a perspective of aportion of one of the bearing-beds fdr'rned in the lower section ofthe crank-case aiid'zi portion r of one of thecross-wnlls. Fig.6 is a perspec- 40 tire of the upper;

of the lowesection oi" the removable bearing for the crankshaft. Fig. is "e perspective of one of the retaining caps for the-bearing sections.

' I -15 Fig. 8 is a perspectiveof one'ofthe removable spzicers'i'vhich is-plefced between theseotions of a bearing. FigLQisa View, partlyin plan end'pertly insertion of one of the bearings.

The invention is exemplifiedin an internal to combustion eng1ne"of"the' twofcycle t'yp'e one adjacent each ofitsjends. V

and a is formed w th a senn-cyllndrlca-lopenobezirings are held zindfitr ,Thereis a bearing 1 and 69h perspective (of a pair of UIUtS'fOlmIHg one which comprises a crank-case 'coinposedof e base-section a and an uppersection a which the pistons endthe c anks. Adjacenteither end of each crank 71, the crank-case section e s integrally formed with a septnrn or wall e and the SGCtlOllld with 'a wall or septum at, vertically alignedwith the 'gwa'll 00?, to form '65 an enclosure or compression chamber 'for air whlch'ls transferred to the combustion endof the cylinder, 121s well understood 1n the art.

l he crank-ease section a coniprises endwzills r afl jand the section at. comprises end walls 0, 5

."vertically aligned with the walls a; 5,;

Between the wellslar i which a;rej disposed' between the cranks b iindbetween the end walls-dhnd the walls at? edjecentthe outer f ends of the cranks, are formedsemhcylindri-' c'zil walls-wl1icliiorin beds a, each withh semi-cylindrical inner periphery 0, for one of the removable crank-shaft bearings. There is one bed a between the cranks andv Each wall a i'iig (1, which joins 2 periphery a to form cylindrical seats a in which the ends o'tthe in eachoi the beds'and these are-alike in con; struction so that a detail descripti'on'of one applies to all. 7 p i V Y Each crank-shah; bearin comprises :1 pair of separate ring-like sections and each section compresseslowesen'ii-cylindrical, 'unit (5, the inner periphery ot which islined with babbit't or anti-frictioi1'ineteh and e co nis plementaiy upper selni-cylin-drieal unitd which is similarly lined with bi-iibbitt as at (Z 7; WVhen "the upper and lower units are together, they form it completely eylir clriee l bearingsectionlforthe sheftQ The oute'r end of each .s'eotion has at cylindrical outer pe I cipheryd which conforms to the bore of and fits-snugly in one ofthe cylindric' al'sea'ts a,

'ill

7 around the crank-shaft.

so that the sections may be slipped endwise and while positioned around the crankshaft into said seats. The entire outer face of each lower unit (l is cylindrical, conformably to the inner periphery a of bed a, so that it may be, when detached from its upper unit, rotated into and out of position on the bed and around the shaft, as well as moved. longitudinally into and out of seat a The central portion of each unit (i is cut away or channelled, as at d, to avoid excess of metal and is formed with an oil pocket at. The upper units are each provided with laterally projecting integral lugs (Z which are adapted to project over and abut against the top face of wall a to hold the sections against rotation in the bed. Screws (Z are adapted to pass through said lugs and into threaded holes (1 in unit (Z to secure the units of a section together.

The outer end of each section which enters a; seat a is provided with an annular groove (1 in its outer periphery to hold a ring of packing d to form a seal between the crankcase and the bearings. The bearing-sections are held and spaced apart by a pair of arcuate blocks (1 which are formed to lie between the circular shoulders on the contiguous ends of the sections and the periphery a? of the bed a. These blocks are shapedso they may be rotated into and out of place. The upper units are clamped into position relatively to the bed and, against upward movement by a cap 1; which comprises a semi-cylindrical portion 1: adapted to fit over the outer periphery of the inner end oi the units (1 and lugs which project laterally over lugs a" which are cast integrally with the bed a, and are provided with holes for bolts 7: which removably clamp the cap to the bed to secure the. sections in their seats a. The inner periphery of the cap 0 is prorided with a groove (1. so that the cap will longitudinally interlock with the blocks 6 In engines in which a compressiouchaniher is formed in the cranl- :-case. it is import ant to prevent leakage from the chamber and through the shaft-bearings. and one object of the invention is to provide a remov able hearing which is adapted for use with a seal-ring employed for this purpose At the end of each of the crank-shatt hearings, there is provided a seal-ring f which is formed of semi-cylindrical sections secin'cd together by bolts 7, so that it. may be assembled Each ring is provided with pins 7" which extend into sockets f in a side of one of the cranks b or into the fly-wheel. to cause it to be driven with the crankhaft. Springs f held in sockets f in the seal-ring, press the ring away from the shaft and against the contiguous end of a shaft-bearing. The outer face f of each seal-ring is flat to engage the end of one of the bearings and to form a closure which will prevent air from escaping from the crankchamber between the periphery of the shaft B and the inner periphery of the contiguous removable hearing. The springs serve to press the seal-rings against the bearing ends. The outer periphery f of each ring is tormed to lie within the cylindrical seats a in the aligned walls a and a of the crank-case. A packing ring f is novided in the inner periphery of each seal-ring to prevent leakage between the seal-ring and the shaft. construction exemplifies one in which the seal-ring bears against the removable hearing in lieu of a wall or septum ot the cranl case. As a result, the wear is upon the hearing, which can be readily replaced, in lieu ot on the wall or integral part (it the crank- 'ase sections. This has been found to be important, because it sometimes occurs that the oil supply tails. hen that occurs, the wear will be on the removable bearing-units and the oil ring which can be easily replaced while no injury will result to the walls of the crankcase. When the bearing units are removed,

the seal-ring will also be accessible for remoral throiu 'h o 'ienings 05. The upper section a of the crankcase is provided with openings at which admit air to the spaces between the central pair of walls 0, and between the end walls a and the adjacent walls a and also provide ready access to the bearings from the outside of the crank-case.

A pair of holes a are formed in each of the walls a and an air inlet check valve is secured in each of said holes to control the de livery of air into the chamber of the crankcase in which the cranks operate. Each of these valves comprises grid g; avalve ring 7-; a ring fitting against the grid and provided with angular intake ducts g" and an annular seat against which the ring valve is normally pressed by springs g; a cover {7 and a bolt 7 which clamps the grid, ring and cover together. Each grid 9 abuts against one face of a wall a and lits into one of the openings (5. The longitudinally aligned pairs of valves between the central walls (7/ are held in place by a jael-t-screw g" which is .inter 'iosciil between contiguous covers 9 is adapted to hold the valve-structures separated and seated against the walls a? and is removable to permit the valve-structures to be readily removed when access to the bearings is desired. The air inlet valves in the outer walls a? are similarly held in the openings by jack-screws interposed between the valve-covers and the end walls a ot' the upper section of the crank-case.

Vi hen the engine has been in operation and a repair or replacement is necessary in the bearing, any one of them may be dismantled and replaced, without separating the crankcase sections or removing the crank-shaft. For example, if the central hearing should become worn and it is desired to re-habbitt it This or .rep'lacea unit thereof, it is only necessary to first removeathe adj-accent air-inlet valves by removing! thel'jiackfscrew. which will permitthevalves tdwbe readily removed as Tani-ts; Next, the bolts .0 will be removedto releasethe caps, which will then .be removed. Next, the blocks it! will be separately'rotated around the ishaft and gout of the bed a and then removed. The sections'ivillthen be free T10 to "be shiftedv longitudinally to bring their .out-er.ends out ofatheseat's a, so that the upper .unitsican he lifted off the shaft when ioth- PJLWlSG released. The upper units will then 'bedisconnected from theslower by the removalof screwsd and then-removed. The lower units willthen be free to be rotated 'out ofthe bed a sand' lifted o-ff the shaft. Inreplacing or I rotatable around the shaft whenthe otlierfhas been removed, and removable means forsecuring the units against longitudinal movement I when the units are in their operative position spirit and scope oftheinv'entionfi Having thus described the invention,

assemblingthe bearing, the lower units (Z will be successively invented and laid ontop of the shaft andthen rotated around it into the Next, the upper units will be secured thereto ,by screws (1 The sections will then be shifted outwardly to clip their outer ends intother seats at". Next, the blocks (Z will be inserted between the upper portionofthe. sections and rotatedaround theshaft so th'atthey will pass partly. into the bed,;] as shown invFig- 2. Next, the cap e Will'be secured over the blocks (l and'the units 12 andfthen the bear:

'i'ngdwill be mpletely'assembled'. Y Y

'The invention exemplifies a bearingstruc ture for a.crank-shaft'- which makes it p'ossible to quickly remove and replace any of the shaftrbearings Without disassembling the shaft -'f11om 'the:crankscasef or Withoutflsep arating tlldSQGtlOIlS ofithe crank-case; also] One which"isiadaptedvfor use in connection with a crank-case in which air is compressed for delivery to the'work-ing cylinder. 1

"The invention is not-to be understood as restricted'to tliejidetails set forth, since'these' may be modified within the scop'eof theappended claims, without departingfrom the I claim as new and desire to secure by- Letters Patent,-is: p r I 1. Acrank shaft bearlngfor an eng nehaving a crank-ease formed sections and with a cylindrlcal bearings eat, saidbearmg comprising upperand lower complementar units provided with outer peripheral portions fit-' ting into said seat, said units being conjolntly and longitudinally movable 'on the 'shaftinto and out ofsaid seat,"one of the units being in the seat. 51;

; In 'combina tioma crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a bed and the other witha wall, said bed and wall having coasting. portions 'forininga cylindrical bearing lseat,"a prank-shaft in said case,

'and'a removable bearing forsaid shaft com:

prising upper'and'lower complementary units provided with outer peripheral portions to fit into said seat, said units'beingconjointly and longitudinally movable onthe shaft into and out of said seat, oneof the units being removable by rotation around the shaft when the other has been removed and when bothihave' been shifted longitudinally away from the wall, and removable means for securing the units against longitudinal movement :when

v said 'unitsare intheir operative position in the seat.

.3. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided witha bed and the other with afwalLsaid bed and wall having coacting, portions forming a cylindrical bearingseat, aircranksshaft in said ease,

and. a removable'bearing for said shaft com prising'upper and lower con'iplenientary units provided with. outerperipheral. portions to fit into said seat, said units being longitdudinabv ly movable on the shaft into and out of said seat, one of the units beingremovable by rotation around the shaftwhen theiotherhas been removed, and when both have been shifted longitudinally away from lthe wall, means for securing the units together, andre; movable means for securing theunits against longitudinal movement when the units are in their operative position in the seat.

4:; In combination, a crank-caserformed of sections, one of which is provided with a bed and 'theother witha wall, said bed and wall i having'coacting portions forming a cylindri cal bearing seat, a crank-shaftin saidcasej,

anda removablebearing for said shaft comprising upper and lower complementary units provided with outer peripheral portions to'fit into' said seat,said units being longitudinally movable on the'shaft into and out ofsaidseat,

one of the units being removable by rotation aro'undthe shaft when the other has been re- 7 moved and when both have been shifted longitudinally away'ffrom the wallj' and a removvided with abearing-bedand walls having ar- 11o able cap forclamping one'of the units to the I 5fJA be a'ring structure for thecrank shaft of ian engine embodying a crank-case pro; i

ci'iateportion's forming with the bedbe'ar'ing I seats, said structure con'iprising'two pairs; of

upper and lowercomplementary units adaptwhen they are in their operative positio'niin the seats; i

.In combination, a crank case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a semicylindrical bearing-bed and the other with walls approximately aligned with the ends of the bed having arcuate cylindrical portions forming with said. bed-ends cylindrical bearin g seats, a crank-shaft, and a removable bearing for the shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units adapted to extend around the shaft and fit into seats, the units of each pair being conjointly and longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to be slipped into and out of their respective scat, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to'be turned out of the bed and removed when its complementary unit has been removed, and removable means for securing the units against longitudinal displacement when they are in their operative position in the seats.

7. In combination, a crank-case formed. of sections, one of which is provided with a semicylindrical bearing-bed and the other with walls approximately aligned with the ends of the bed having arcuate portions forming with said bed-ends cylindrical bearing-seats, a crank-shaft, and a removable bearing for the shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units adapted to extend around the shaft and fit into the seats, the

units of each pair being conjointly and lon gitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to be slipped into and out of their respective seat, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be turned out of the bed and removed when its complementary unit has been removed, means for removably securing the units of each pair together after they have been assembled on the bed, and removable means for securing the units against longitudinal displacement when they are in their operative position in the seats.

8. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a semicylindrical bearing-bed and the other with walls approximately aligned with the ends of the bed having arcuate portions forming with said bed-ends cylindrical bearing seats, a crank-shaft, and a removable bearing for the shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units fitting around the shaft and into the seats, said units being longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to he slipped into and out of the seats, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be turned out of the bed and removed when its complementary unit has been removed, spacing-means between the pairs of units, and removable means for clamping the units against longitudinal movement when they are in their operative position in the seats.

9. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a semi-cylindrical bearing-bed and the other with walls approximately aligned with the ends of the bed having arcuate portions forming with said bed-ends cylindrical bearingseats, a crank-shaft, and a removable bearing for the crank-shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units fitting around the shaft into the seats, said units be ing longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to be slipped into and out of the seats, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be turned out of the bed and removed when its complementary unit has been removed, and a cap removably secured to the bed and extended to clamp two units to the bed and against longitudinal displacement relatively to the shaft.

10. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a lir-earing-bed and the other with walls, the walls and bed having coat-ting portions forming two cylindrical bearing seats, a crankshaft, and a bearing structure for the shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complemeiitary units fitting around the shaft and into the seats, said units being longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to be slipped into and out of the seats, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be removed when its movable blocks between the pairs of units to space them longitudinally, and removable means to clamp the units in their seats.

11. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a bearing-bed and the other with walls, the walls and bed having coacting portions forming two cylindrical bearing seats, a crank shaft, and a bearing structure for the shaft comprising two pairs ofupper and lower complementary units fitting around the shaft and into the seats, said. units being longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to he slipped into and out of the seats, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be removed when its complcmentary unit has been removed, blocks for spacing the pairs of units apart, said blocks being positioned adjacent and between the bed and the shaft, and means to removably clamp the units in the removable seats.

12. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a bearing bed and the other with walls, the walls and bed having coacting portions forming a pair of cylindrical bearing seats, a crank-shaft, and a bearing structure for the shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units fitting around the shaft and into the seats, said units being longitudinally movable on the shaft'to permit them to be slippedinto and out of the seats, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be removed when its complementary unit has been recomplementaryunithas been removed, re- 7 moved, blocks between the'pairs of units to space them apart, and a cap removably secured to the bed and adapted to clamp one unit of each pair to the bed and to hold the blocks in place.

13. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a to be removed when its complementary unit has been removed, the upper units having lugs to engage the top of-thebed, and means for clamping theunits to the bed.

14. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections, one of which is provided with a bearing-bed and the other with walls, the wallsand bed having coacting portions forming a pair of cylindrical bearing seats, a crank-shaft, and a removable bearing for the crank-shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units fitting around the shaft and into the seats, said units being longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to be slipped into andout of the seats, screws for removably securing the units of each pair together, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be removed when its complementary unit has been removed, the upper units hav-' ing lugs to engage the top of the bed, and a cap removably secured to the bed and adapted to clamp one unit of each pair to the bed.

15. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections one of which is provided with a bearing bed. and the other with walls, the walls and bed having co-acting portions forming a pair of cylindrical bearing seats, a crank-shaft, and a removable bearing for the crank-shaft comprising two pairs of upper and lower complementary units fitting around the shaft and into the seats, saidunits being longitudinally movable on the shaftto permit them to he slipped into and out of the seats, screws for removably securing the units of each pair together, one unit of each pair being rotatable around the shaft to permit it to be removed when its complementary unit has been removed,the upper units havopening" therein forming a cylindrical'bearing-seat, a crankshaft, a bearing for the crank-shaft comprising a pair of complementary units fitting around the shaft and in the seat, said units being longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to he slipped into and out of the seat, means for holding the units in the seat, and a seal-ring rotatable with the shaft and having a side pressed against one end of the bearing-units.

17. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections provided with aligned transverse ate openings forming a'cylindrical bearing seat, a crank-shaft, a bearing for the shaft removably held in said seat and longitudinally movable to permit it to be slipped into and out of the seat, and a seal-ringrotatable with the shaft and having a side pressed against one end of the bearing-units. a

18. In combination, a, crank-case formed of sections provided with aligned transverse walls, said walls having complementary arcuate openings forminga cylindrical hearing seat, a crank-shaft, a bearing for the shaft removably held in said seat and longitudinally movable 0n the shaft to permit it tov walls, said walls having complementary arcuhe slipped into and out of the seat, and a sealring, rotatable with the shaft, having a side pressed against one end of the bearing units and removable through said seat when the bearing is removed.

'19. In combination, a crank-case formed of sections and providedwith aligned transverse walls, said walls having complementary arcuate openings forming a cylindricalbearing-seat, a crank-shaft, a bearing for the crank-shaft comprising a pairof complementary units fitting around the shaft and in the bearing seat and longitudinally movable on the shaft to permit them to he slipped into and out of the seat, one unit of each pair being rotatable around'the shaft and in the seat to permit it to be turned out of the seat and removed when its complementary unit has been removed, and a seal-ring rotatable with the'shaft and having a side pressed against one end of the bearing-units.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 30th day.

of July, 1926.

FRANK W. SEVERIN.

ing lugs to engage the top ofthe bed, spacing blocks between the pairs of units, and a removable cap for clamping oneunit of each pair to the bed and extending over the blocks to hold them in place.

16. In combination, a crank-case provided with a wall member having a cylindrical 

